Hydraulic elements are the core components of a hydraulic system, consisting of five parts: power elements, actuators, control elements, auxiliary elements, and the working medium. Power elements convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy through gear pumps, vane pumps, etc.; actuators convert hydraulic energy into mechanical motion using hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors; control elements include three types: directional control valves, pressure control valves, and flow control valves, used to regulate system parameters. Auxiliary elements encompass supporting facilities such as oil tanks, filters, oil pipes, and sealing devices, while hydraulic oil serves as the energy transfer medium.
Based on application areas, hydraulic elements can be divided into three categories: industrial equipment hydraulic elements, mobile machinery hydraulic elements, and aerospace and marine hydraulic elements. Mobile machinery hydraulic elements need to withstand higher power density and instantaneous high-pressure impacts. The core hydraulic valves are manufactured with micron-level precision, involving 24 common types such as direct-acting relief valves, pilot-operated relief valves, and manual directional valves. Their performance directly affects the equipment's operability and stability.
Domestic companies have achieved breakthroughs in technologies such as high-performance load-sensitive multi-way valves through independent research and development, realizing a domestic production coverage rate of over 95% for hydraulic valves used in truck cranes. The industry is developing towards intelligentization (chip-based hydraulic components) and greening (hydraulic transmission technology).
